Direct and mediated impacts of social norms on pro-environmental behavior

•We assessed the predictive strength of social- and personal norms for PEI and PEB.•A meta-analytic structural equation modeling included 572 studies (N = 312,127).•Personal norms are the strongest predictor of pro-environmental behavior.•Personal norms mediate the impacts of injunctive and descriptive norms.•Injunctive and descriptive norms have unique effects of similar size.