Early interventions in young children with autism: The place of video feedback. From behavioral interventions, to an approach focused on early interactions and parental sensitivity

This paper aims to review recent changes in the methods of early intervention used in treating young children with Autism Spectrum Disorder. We have transitioned from models of intensive interventions, in ecologically irrelevant situations, that focus on children's autistic behavior, to less intensive dyad-based interventions in ecological contexts. They target parent/child interaction, including synchrony, parental sensitivity, language skills, and the child's social communication. The various video feedback techniques, particularly relevant for autistic children, are detailed, in particular VIPP, PACT, and Interactive Guidance Therapy (IGT) taking into account their interest, validity and limitations. The challenge is to develop these techniques in a reproducible and measurable way, while respecting the specificity of each dyad. To meet these challenges, we propose to develop the IGT model, which meets the stated requirements, and to develop the single-case methodology in order to assess the effects of early interventions on children with autism. (c) 2023 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.