An optimal approach for supply and demand management with the consideration of cattle herd structure management: A case study of medium-size dairy cooperative in Thailand

•A midsize dairy cooperative without UHT facility was of the interest.•MILP represents allocation and herd structure with total profit as an objective.•A systematic management of a cattle herd structure resulting in supplying raw milk.•Optimal profit and herd structure can be obtained with relevant supply-demand.•The methodology from the research can be extended to others with similarities.