Reliable design of urban surface-underground integrated logistics system network with stochastic demand and social-environmental concern

•A network concept integrates road and underground logistics is proposed.•Multifaceted network decisions are jointly optimized under cost-benefit objectives.•Case-wise reliable model with stochastic equivalent is built to crack uncertainty.•A two-stage heuristic-based algorithmic framework is developed.•Best network schemes and price of solution robustness are discussed.