Towards a generic theoretical framework for pattern-based LUCC modeling: Allocation revisited: Formal foundations and bias identification.

Pattern-based land use and land cover change (LUCC) modeling is implemented in various software, such as the CLUE family, LCM or Dinamica EGO. These tools are now relatively mature, but their conceptual foundations are not fully discussed in the literature. In particular, these modeling environments exhibit substantially different behaviors for the same problem and the same calibration data and the origin of this difference of behavior cannot be identified on the basis of the published information.