Terminal illeitis and cytotoxic lesion of corpus callous as the presenting features of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children: a case report

Abstract Background Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a postviral inflammatory vasculopathy characterized by persistent fever, multiorgan dysfunction, significant laboratory markers of inflammation, lack of an alternative diagnosis, and prior SARS-CoV-2 infection or exposure in children and adolescents. The most common early symptoms include a prolonged fever, as well as dermatologic, mucocutaneous, and GI symptoms such abdominal pain, vomiting, and diarrhea.Case presentation We present a pediatric patient with a multisystem inflammatory syndrome with the development of abdominal pain and seizure who was found to have a circumferential wall thickening of the terminal ileum and ileocecal junction in abdominal and pelvic CT, and brain MRI showed cytotoxic lesions of the corpus callosum (CLOCC) that have hypersignal intensity with a few diffusion restrictions in the splenium of the corpus calusom. Conclusion This case is being reported to raise awareness of MIS-C presenting characteristics. Given the rising number of MIS-C patients and a lack of understanding of early diagnostic clinical characteristics and therapy, further research into clinical presentations, treatment, and outcomes is urgently needed.