Analysis and comparison of anti-RBD neutralizing antibodies from AZD-1222, Sputnik V, Sinopharm and Covaxin vaccines and its relationship with age and gender among health care workers

Abstract Background Vaccine efficiency has a significant role in the public perception of vaccination. The current study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines (AZD-1222, Sputnik-V, Sinopharm, and Covaxin) and the effect of age and gender on vaccine efficacy. We evaluated the efficacy of these vaccine between 214 health care employees in Iran. Blood samples were taken from all participants at day 0 and 14 days after the second dose. Humoral responses were evaluated by SARS-CoV 2 Neutralization Ab Detection kit. Results The frequency of immunized individuals in the Sputnik V and AZD-1222 groups was 95% and 93%, respectively. This rate was 73% and 70% for Sinopharm and Covaxin vaccines. Comparison of the results obtained from the effectiveness of the vaccines between female and male groups did not demonstration a significant difference. Moreover, comparison of the results obtained from the effectiveness of vaccines between age groups showed that the rate of immunization in participants < 50 years was significantly higher than participants ≥ 50 years, in the case of Sputnik V and AZD-1222 vaccines. Conclusions According to the results, Sputnik V and AZD-1222 vaccines were more effective than Sinopharm and Covaxin vaccines. In addition, aging has a negative effect on the effectiveness of DNA-based vaccines.