Identification of MRP1 and its role in complete remission (CR) after induction therapy in Acute Myeloid Leukemia patients.

Abstract Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) binding transporters are one of the chief reason behind drug resistance. There are forty nine adenosine triphosphate binding cassette (ABC) transporters. Some of them are Multidrug resistance associated protein-1 (MRP 1), Breast resistance cancer protein (BCRP), and P glycoprotein (P-gp). Their expression in the cell causes expel out of drugs from the cell. Therefore, the patient is incapable of achieving remission or may relapse.Methodology: Peripheral blood samples of 40 patients with denovo AML were taken in this study. QRT PCR and ELISA was performed to evaluate the MRP 1 gene and MRP 1 protein expression respectively. A relationship was analyzed between MRP 1 expression and complete remission.Results: Out of 40 patients, males were predominant i.e., 55 percent in the current research. The frequency of acute myeloid leukemia was the highest in the age group of 25–39 years both in males and females. Between MPR 1 gene expression and complete remission, clinical relevance was observed in this study, 69.2 percent of patients with high gene expression failed to attain complete remission (P value > 0.05) whereas results of MRP 1 protein analysis was statistically nonsignificant. Moreover, other parameters such as FLT3, NPM1, and cytogenetics indicated no relationship with MRP 1.Conclusion: This study provides a basis to further evaluate the role of ABC transporters for future researches. However, larger sample would be required to validate the results.