C-Coupler3.0: an integrated coupler infrastructure for Earth system modelling

The community coupler (C-Coupler) for Earth system modelling is a coupler family that was developed in China in 2010. C-Coupler3.0, the latest version, is fully compatible with the previous version, C-Coupler2, and is an integrated infrastructure with new features, i.e. a series of parallel-optimization technologies for accelerating coupling initialization and reducing memory usage, a common halo-exchange library for developing a parallel version of a model, a common module-integration framework for integrating a software module (e.g. a flux algorithm, a parameterization scheme, and a data assimilation method), a common framework for conveniently developing a weakly coupled ensemble data assimilation system, and a common framework for flexibly inputting and outputting fields in parallel. Specifically, C-Coupler3.0 is able to handle coupling under much finer resolutions (e.g. more than 100 million horizontal grid cells) with fast coupling initialization and successful generation of remapping-weight files.