A Review of Energy Aware Cyber-Physical Systems

In recent years, the number of connected devices and systems has increased exponentially, along with their daily use. Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) are complex multi-layered feedback systems that combine computing resources and interaction with the physical environment using sensors and actuators. Energy is considered one of the major concerns driven by the increasing number of connected systems. In this paper, we review current research approaches in energy-aware CPS. We propose a novel architectural methodology to analyse and compare state-of-the-art approaches, on their architectural design and energy-related factors. We finally draw recommendations from our review on how to build energy-aware CPS solutions.