Infertility Impact of Cotton Seeds (Ceiba pentandra) and Eggplant Cepoka (Solanum torvum) on the Nfkb Expression and Seminiferous Tubules Diameter

The presence of the solasodine and gossypol compounds in Kapok seeds (Ceiba pentandra) and cepoka eggplant (Solanum torvum) suggest the use of these two as an herbal contraceptive ingredient in male animal fertility. This study aimed to determine the effect of cepoka eggplant extract (S. torvum) and kapok seed (C. pentandra) on infertility in rats (Rattus norvegicus) through NFkB expression and seminiferous tubule diameter. The study was carried out on 75 to 90 days old male Wistar rats having 150-200 grams of body weight. The experimental design used in this study was a completely randomized design (CRD) with three treatment groups i.e. C (control), KP1, and KP2 having six rats in each group. Here the rats of group C were not treated with gossypol or solasodine while the rats of group KP1 were treated with solasodine compound at a dose of 1g/kg BW and rats of group KP2 were treated with gossypol induction at a dose of 0.1 g/kg BW. Kapok seed extract and eggplant cepoka extract were extracted by the maceration method with 70% ethanol solvent. NFkB expression was examined using the immunohistochemical (IHK) method, which was analyzed with immunoratio software. Histopathological preparations (HE) of seminiferous tubule diameter were analyzed using raster image software 3. All the obtained data were analyzed by the One Way ANOVA test and Tukey's follow-up test with a 95% confidence level (α = 0.05). The results showed that the administration of cepoka eggplant extract could significantly increase the expression of NFkB (p<0.05) with an average amount of 87.22 ± 6.89 with a dose of 1 g/kg BW. Treatment with Kapok seed extract can reduce the diameter of the seminiferous tubules (STs) by an average of 0.31 ± 0.016 at a dose of 0.1 g/kg BW. The results of the study can be concluded that the extract of cepoka eggplant and kapok seeds can be used as candidates for herbal contraceptives.