Prospects and Challenges in the Treatment of Solid Tumors

Cancer treatment is improving, yet patient recovery remains a challenge. Cancer induces the disruption of the negative feedback mechanism of the proliferating signal, excessive proliferative signalling that triggers cell senescence, induction of angiogenesis, and hypoxia. Nanomedicine displays many advantages over conventional cancer therapies and provides new opportunities for early detection, improved treatment, and diagnosis of cancer. Cancer nanomedicines allow to deliver drugs at the target site with lower systemic toxicity. The tumor microenvironment and biological processes influence nanoparticle-protein interactions, blood circulation, and tumor penetration.