Anti-inflammatory, antipyretic and analgesic activities of ethanolic fruit extract momordica charantia on albino rats

Diverse natural mechanisms against pain, inflammation, and several other infections are varied for medicinal plants. Inflammation is unique biological defense mechanism against harmful stimuli like infections, harmed cells, or irritants. M. charantia is frequently used to treat a variety of illnesses, including fever, discomfort, and inflammation. The purpose of the current study is to identify the anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, and analgesic properties of ethanolic extract of M. charantia. 30 rats were divided into three groups (control, standard and experimental group). Control and standard group contain 5 rats in each group whereas experimental group contained 20 rats. All rats in three groups were treated with carrageenan for induction of oedema, yeast to induce pyrexia and acetic acid to induce pain. Control group rats were treated with normal saline for all the activities. Standard group rats were treated with diclofenac for anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities and paracetamol for antipyretic activity. The fruit extract was injected into abdominal muscles and intraperitoneal tissues.Carrageenan, an anti-inflammatory substance, was used to assess its ability to reduce spell edema, acetic acid was used to study its ability to cause writhing and yeast, was used to demonstrate its ability to pyrexia. The maximal percentage of fruit extract inhibition in anti-inflammatory action was 31.25%. The maximal percentage of fruit extract inhibition against fever was 83.58%. Maximum percentage of inhibition against stomach pain during analgesic action was 31%. Significant findings in anti-inflammatory, antipyretic and analgesic actions were demonstrated at doses of 200 mg/kg, 50 mg/kg, and 100 mg/kg, respectively, when compared to controls. Our research demonstrates and validates the traditional medical usage of M. charantia. It was concluded that ethanolic fruit extract of M. charantia may decrease inflammation, pyrexia and writhing in albino rats effectively.