Impact and management of voltage fluctuations, flicker and rapid voltage changes

This chapter gives a brief introduction to voltage fluctuations in power systems which can give rise to light flicker or malfunctioning of connected equipment. The short- and long-term flicker severity indices that are used to quantify flicker are introduced. Specific reference is made to measurement of rapid voltage changes as per the relevant standards. The role of power system loads which can assist in the attenuation of flicker, in particular mains connected three-phase induction motors is covered.