Two-dimensional acetate-based light lanthanide fluoride nanomaterials: An ultrahigh adsorption capacity and salt-tolerance endowed by surface acetates exchange

•Surface acetates exchange of 2D acetate-based light lanthanide fluoride nanomaterials is evidenced for the first time;•The maximum Langmuir adsorption capacity of these nanosheets for Congo red and Coomassie brilliant blue G-250 is 4334 mg/g and 2827 mg/g, respectively;•These nanosheets show an ultrahigh salt-tolerance in high-salinity wastewater treatment;•Surface acetates exchange is responsible for the ultrahigh adsorption capacity and salt-tolerance.