A Composite Scattering Model of the Vegetated Ground With a Target

In this letter, a composite scattering model of the vegetated ground with a target is developed. In the composite scattering model, a facet-based modified two-scale model (FMTSM), combining the advantages of Kirchhoff approximate (KA) and integral equation model, is established to calculate the electromagnetic (EM) scattering of the rough ground, which can enhance precision and extend application range comparing with the traditional TSM. Based on the FMTSM and vector radiative transfer theory (VRT), an improved two-layered vegetation model is developed to deal with the EM scattering of vegetated ground. Besides, two typical scattering problems, including the rough ground and vegetated ground, are performed to prove the validity of FMTSM and FMTSM-VRT methods. Simulation results agree well with the measured value. Finally, the composite scattering model of the vegetated ground with a target is proposed by combing the FMTSM-VRT method with shooting and bouncing ray (SBR) algorithm. Meanwhile, the composite scattering characteristics of the vegetated ground with a missile are explored.