Phylogeography

Abstract This chapter examines the current state of phylogeographic research in the order Odonata and reviews empirical contributions at both a global scale and within the main biogeographical regions (Holarctic, Tropical, Indo–Malayan, Australasian, and Oceanic–Pacific). It highlights the fundamental processes responsible for the origin and maintenance of odonate biodiversity. In addition, it discusses the current opportunities and limitations of performing phylogeographic studies considering new advances in data acquisition (e.g. high throughput sequencing) and analytical approaches of key biological fields (e.g. landscape genetics, niche ecology modeling, phylogenetic community) to lay a foundation for future research. The last decade has been an exciting time in phylogeography, and much work remains to be done to understand the evolutionary history of odonate distributions.