Serum tumour markers for testicular cancer recurrence

The current serum tumour markers α-fetoprotein, human chorionic gonadotrophin, and lactate dehydrogenase show limited value for testicular cancer relapse detection. A recent study highlights that false-positive elevations in follow-up monitoring are common and, conversely, many patients do not have elevations despite proven relapse. These findings highlight the potential for circulating microRNAs to be used as improved biomarkers for relapse detection.