A Review of Vertical Graphene and Its Biomedical Applications

This paper explores the synthesis methods and properties of vertically aligned graphene nanosheets (VG) and their applications. VG is obtained using the plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) method, and different VG types with other properties can be obtained by changing the process parameters. VG is part of the graphene family; properties such as excellent electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, chemical stability, and a large, specific surface area make it suitable for biomedical applications. Examples of biomedical applications in which VG is used are biosensors, electrochemical sensors, modified surfaces for bone growth, regeneration, and for antimicrobial effects. First, VG's properties are reviewed in this review article, and then the most recent progress in its applications and related sciences and technologies are discussed.