Miocene tropical storms: Carbonate framework approaches and geochemistry proxies in a reservoir model

The Bragantina Platform is an important sedimentary package that occurs in northwestern Brazil, typically around the equatorial western Atlantic coast. Most of the latest Neogene succession of this carbonate-siliciclastic platform consists of the Pirabas Formation of Miocene age (Burdigalian to Serravalian). High-energy coastal storms and hurricanes as a consequence of trade wind anomalies during the Neogene impacted the shallow-water inner marine heterozoan assemblage deposits of the Pirabas Formation. A chaotic overlap of benthic infauna and epifauna, and of demersal and pelagic species in the same section was analyzed using petrography, petrophysics, micro- and macropaleontology, taphonomy, and geochemistry in order to understand sedimentary and paleoenvironmental processes. The equatorial carbonate platform of Brazil reveals high-energy and multiple Miocene tropical storms. This high-energy wave environment caused severe damage to shallow-water heterozoan assemblages at the seafloor, resulting in chaotic faunal arrangements, and removing fine-grained particles thus improving the petrographic properties of the rock (porosity and permeability).