A review of fibrous graphite materials: graphite whiskers, columnar carbons with a cone-shaped top, and needle- and rod-like polyhedral crystals

Fibrous graphite materials are highly attractive due to their unique morphologies, high degree of orientation of their graphite microcrystallites, extremely good mechanical and conductive properties, fascinating growth mechanisms, diverse preparation methods and potential applications. This review summarizes the preparation methods, Raman spectra and the growth mechanisms of graphite whiskers, columnar carbons with cone-shaped top cones, and needle-and rod-like polyhedral crystals, and their optical, electrical and magnetic properties and applications are outlined.