Terahertz Antennas: Application, Research Challenges and Future Directions

The increasing demand for unoccupied and unregulated bandwidth for wireless communication systems will inevitably lead to the extension of operating frequencies to the THz frequency range. Terahertz wireless communications appear to be an attractive and complementary technology compared to other less flexible and more expensive technologies. However, most THz antennas suffer from relatively high loss and low manufacturing accuracy due to their small size in the high frequency bands of THz waves. Therefore, this paper presents a detailed overview of THz antennas and the latest research on improving their performance. Research directions of THz antenna in 6G technology are presented.