Phylogeny of Shrew- and Mole-Borne Hantaviruses in Poland and Ukraine.

Earlier, we demonstrated the co-circulation of genetically distinct non-rodent-borne hantaviruses, including Boginia virus (BOGV) in the Eurasian water shrew (), Seewis virus (SWSV) in the Eurasian common shrew () and Nova virus (NVAV) in the European mole (), in central Poland. To further investigate the phylogeny of hantaviruses harbored by soricid and talpid reservoir hosts, we analyzed RNAlater-preserved lung tissues from 320 shrews and 26 moles, both captured during 1990-2017 across Poland, and 10 European moles from Ukraine for hantavirus RNA through RT-PCR and DNA sequencing. SWSV and Altai virus (ALTV) were detected in and in Boginia and the Białowieża Forest, respectively, and NVAV was detected in in Huta Dłutowska, Poland, and in Lviv, Ukraine. Phylogenetic analyses using maximum-likelihood and Bayesian methods showed geography-specific lineages of SWSV in Poland and elsewhere in Eurasia and of NVAV in Poland and Ukraine. The ATLV strain in from the Białowieża Forest on the Polish-Belarusian border was distantly related to the ATLV strain previously reported in from Chmiel in southeastern Poland. Overall, the gene phylogenies found support long-standing host-specific adaptation.