Teaching science with the "universal language" of music: alignment with the Universal Design for Learning framework.

The idea of teaching science through music has undeniable appeal in implying that learning can be engaging and fun while also covering content efficiently. Indeed, there is little doubt that songs can be uniquely memorable, suggesting mnemonic options for core content. However, many classroom implementations of science music have limitations such as an overemphasis on rote memorization, rather than a constructivist building of understanding. In this brief review we ask how music might facilitate learning of science content in a manner consistent with the well-known pedagogical framework of Universal Design for Learning (UDL). In our view, UDL suggests certain distinct possible benefits of incorporating music into curricula, leading us to propose four models of practice. These four models are: (1) students enjoy music together, (2) students critically analyze songs as texts, (3) students creatively augment existing songs, and (4) students create new songs. Model 1 can contribute to an inclusive learning environment, while Models 2-4 can encourage cognitively rich active learning, and Models 3-4 can additionally help students channel scientific understanding into the creation of authentic products. We conclude with comments on logistical issues that arise in implementing these four models, including the use of appropriate rubrics and the prioritization of artistic quality.