Sex and oestrous cycle are not mediators of S-ketamine's rapid-antidepressant behavioural effects in a genetic rat model of depression.

We conclude that physiological oscillations of estrogen and progesterone levels neither amplify nor diminish the behavioural antidepressant-like effect of S-ketamine. In addition, fluctuations of ovarian sex hormones do not predispose female animals to exhibit enhanced or reduced depressive- and anxiety-like behaviours.