Research on a fluorine-containing asphaltene dispersant and its application in improving the fluidity of heavy oil

•Introducing fluorine into organic compounds to improve the hydrogen bonding ability of organic polymers.•The interaction between polymer molecules and asphaltenes disperses the aggregates of asphaltenes.•When 600 ppm of polymer is added, the viscosity reduction rate of heavy oil reaches 70.25%.•The copolymer reduces the viscosity of heavy oil by dispersing asphaltene aggregates.