Mental Health in UK Biobank Revised – development, implementation and results from an online questionnaire completed by 157,366 participants
medrxiv（2019）
摘要
This paper corrects and updates a paper published in BJPsych Open 2018 “Mental Health in UK Biobank” () that was voluntarily retracted following the finding of errors in the coding of the variable for alcohol use disorder. Notably, the percentage of participants reaching threshold for alcohol use disorder on the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Tool increased from 7% to 21%.
Background UK Biobank is a well-characterised cohort of over 500,000 participants that offers unique opportunities to investigate multiple diseases and risk factors. An online mental health questionnaire completed by UK Biobank participants expands the potential for research into mental disorders.
Methods An expert working group designed the questionnaire, using established measures where possible, and consulting with a service user group regarding acceptability. Operational criteria were agreed for defining likely disorder and risk states, including lifetime depression, mania/hypomania, generalised anxiety disorder, unusual experiences and self-harm, and current post-traumatic stress and alcohol use disorders.
Results 157,366 completed online questionnaires were available by August 2017. Comparison of self-reported diagnosed mental disorder with a contemporary study shows a similar prevalence, despite respondents being of higher average socioeconomic status. Lifetime depression was the most common finding in 24% of participants (37,434), with current alcohol use disorder criteria met by 21% (32,602), while other criteria were met by less than 8% of the participants. There was extensive comorbidity among the syndromes. Mental disorders were associated with a high neuroticism score, adverse life events and long-term illness; addiction and bipolar affective disorder in particular were associated with measures of deprivation.
Conclusions The questionnaire represents a very large mental health survey in itself, and the results presented here show high face validity, although caution is needed due to selection bias. Built into UK Biobank, these data intersect with other health data to offer unparalleled potential for crosscutting biomedical research involving mental health.
### Competing Interest Statement
All authors have completed an ICJME conflict of interest form. GB reports grants from National Institute for Health Research during the conduct of the study; support from Illumina Ltd. and the European Commission outside the submitted work. BC reports grants from the Scottish Executive Chief Scientist Office during the conduct of the study. CS reports grants from MRC & Wellcome Trust, during the conduct of the study; and is the Chief Scientist for UK Biobank. MH reports grants for IMI RADAR-CNS and personal fees as an expert witness outside the submitted work. Other authors have nothing to declare.
### Funding Statement
This paper represents independent research funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and King?s College London. Individual authors acknowledge the following funding: MA is supported by a Wellcome Trust Strategic Award (Reference 10436/Z/14/Z) BC is funded by the Scottish Executive Chief Scientist Office (DTF/14/03) and by The Dr Mortimer and Theresa Sackler Foundation. EF is supported by the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union?s Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013)/ERC grant agreement no: [324176]. LMH is supported by an NIHR Research Professorship (NIHR-RP-R3-12-011) in Women?s Mental Health. AJ is funded by the Farr Institute and HCRW (CA-04) WL is supported by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care South West Peninsula. AM is supported by a Wellcome Trust Strategic Award (Reference 10436/Z/14/Z) DS receives funding from a Lister Institute Prize Fellowship (2016-2021) SZ is supported by the NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust and the University of Bristol The views expressed are those of the author(s) and not necessarily those of the NHS, the NIHR, Department of Health, ERC, Scottish Government, UK Biobank or other funders or institutions.
### Author Declarations
All relevant ethical guidelines have been followed and any necessary IRB and/or ethics committee approvals have been obtained.
Yes
All necessary patient/participant consent has been obtained and the appropriate institutional forms have been archived.
Yes
Any clinical trials involved have been registered with an ICMJE-approved registry such as ClinicalTrials.gov and the trial ID is included in the manuscript.
Not Applicable
I have followed all appropriate research reporting guidelines and uploaded the relevant Equator, ICMJE or other checklist(s) as supplementary files, if applicable.
Yes
This data is open-access subject to the usual UK Biobank access procedures ([www.ukbiobank.ac.uk][1]). The code is freely available from Mendeley Data.
[1]: http://www.ukbiobank.ac.uk
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