Demand Island Routing for LEO satellite constellations.

Low Earth Orbit (LEO) constellations create a network that includes the satellites (as routing nodes) connected by Inter-Satellite Links (ISLs) and the terminals dynamically connected to one or more satellites. The combination of transient high rate changes in the network topology due to terminals handover, and the end-to-end high propagation time between the routing nodes presents a unique challenge for designing a guaranteed-bandwidth routing protocol that can support the frequent changes. In addition, terminals connected to multiple satellites can balance their traffic between multiple paths in a frame granularity based on the links conditions, and require real-time multipath guaranteed-bandwidth. Prior work focuses on end-to-end routing between multiple gateways and terminals and does not provide a multipath guaranteed-bandwidth service.