Cryptography based on algebraic perpendicularities

Cryptography, the mathematics of protecting secret or sensitive information, is a continuously evolving area of interest. A concrete example of this is the fact that worldwide spending on information security and risk management technology and services has been estimated to reach over $150 billion in 2021. Modern cryptography is actually not a single separate domain of mathematics but an advanced encryption scheme can be based on applications of results in number theory, such as the Euler-Fermat Theorem, or involve the discrete logarithm problem using either a primitive root of a large prime or an element of an elliptic curve over a prime field. In the background, probability theory, statistics, studies on computational models and finite geometries, etc. play a major role. Recent research has considered even DNA-based molecular cryptography systems.