Coupled Vibration Analysis of Ice–Wind–Vehicle–Bridge Interaction System

Bridges built in ice-covered water regions are mostly in complex marine environments, they not only need to withstand strong wind but also resist the impact of drift ice. However, at present, there is a lack of vehicle–bridge coupling vibration analysis and driving safety assessment under combined ice and wind. Therefore, this study constructs a complete analysis framework of ice–wind–vehicle–bridge interaction to investigate the dynamic responses of the coupled system. Ice load is simulated by a linearized ice–structure interaction model, which is based on the self-excited vibration theory. Wind load on the bridge deck includes steady-state force and buffeting force. Wind load on the vehicle is simulated based on the quasi-steady model. Subsequently, ice load, wind load, soil–structure interaction (SSI), and additional water mass are all integrated into a full bridge model based on a sea-crossing bridge with running vehicles in the Bohai Sea. The results indicate that ice load has a greater impact on the lateral dynamic response of the bridge, the combined action of ice and wind has no superimposed effect on the movement of the bridge but has a restraining effect. Wind load presents a more significant influence on the lateral dynamic response of the vehicle, the coupled dynamic responses of the vehicle cannot be combined by the superposition under separate ice and wind. The combined effect of ice and wind obviously increases the sideslip risk of running vehicles and reduces driving safety.