How to prevent human papillomavirus-related oropharyngeal cancer?

Purpose of reviewHuman papillomavirus (HPV) is responsible of the increasing incidence rates of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) in high-income countries. This significant epidemiological change requires several and diverse prevention strategies.Recent findingsThe cervical cancer prevention model is the paradigm of HPV-related cancer, and its success provides encouragement for the development of similar methods to prevent HPV-related OPSCC. However, there are some limitations that hinder its application in this disease. Here, we review the primary, secondary and tertiary prevention of HPV-related OPSCC and discuss some directions for future research.The development of new and targeted strategies to prevent HPV-related OPSCC is needed since they could definitely have a direct impact on the reduction of morbidity and mortality of this disease.