Electrolyte regulating and interface engineering for high voltage LiCoO2 lithium metal batteries

A performance optimization mechanism induced by a uniform a N, S and LiF-rich interface layer on LiCoO2 cathode (CEI) and Li metal anode (SEI) formed by in-situ electrochemical oxidation of a trace amount of dual additives in the traditional carbonate-based electrolytes. Here, under the effect of dual additives containing acrylonitrile (AN) and phenyl vinyl sulfone (PVS), the cell exhibits high capacity retention about 80% after 1000 cycles at 0.5 C.