The relationships between urbanization and bird functional traits across the streetscape

Representation of the outcomes of our study, highlighting some of the taxonomic and trait-environment relationships observed across the streetscape of the southern region of Belo Horizonte (Minas Gerais, Brazil). For example, noisy streets, located in regions with reduced green cover, tall buildings, low number of trees, and distant from urban parks are inhabited by a lower richness of large-bodied bird species, mostly omnivorous, exploiting upper vegetation strata, and with smaller clutch sizes. Non-native species are also favored by these highly urbanized sites. On the other hand, streets in residential neighborhoods, with reduced traffic noise, surrounded by higher proportions of green cover, higher number of trees, and near urban parks, are occupied mostly by native and small forest specialist bird species with larger clutch sizes that can exploit lower vegetation strata to forage. This figure has been designed using resources from Freepik.com.