Reconstruction of the 1374 Rhine river flood event around Cologne region using 1D-2D coupled hydraulic modelling approach

•The 1D-2D modelling approach has benefits for historic flood reconstructions.•The Qmax,1374 is between 14,400 m3/s and 18,500 m3/s near Remagen, Germany.•Flood hydrograph shapes affect the peak water levels insignificantly along the river.•Reconstruction of historic flood events may result in design discharges more certain.