Paenibacillus mangrovi sp. nov., a novel endophytic bacterium isolated from bark of Kandelia candel

A endospore-forming bacterium, designated strain KQZ6P- 2T, was isolated from surface-sterilized bark of the mangrove plant Kandelia candel, collected from Maowei Sea Mangrove Nature Reserve in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China. Strain KQZ6P-2T was able to grow at NaCl concentrations in the range of 0-3 % (w/v) with optimum growth at 0-1 % (w/v) NaCl. Growth occurred at 20-42 degrees C (optimal growth at 30-37 degrees C) and pH 5.5-6.5 (optimal growth at pH 6.5). The 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity between strain KQZ6P- 2T and its closest phylogenetic neighbour Paenibacillus chibensis JCM 9905T was 98.2 %. Phy-logenetic analyses using 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain KQZ6P- 2T formed a distinct lineage with Paenibacillus chibensis JCM 9905T. The draft genome of strain KQZ6P- 2T was 5 937 633 bp in size and its DNA G+C content was 47.2mol%. Comparative genome analysis revealed that the average nucleotide identity, digital DNA-DNA hybridization and average amino acid identity values among strain KQZ6P- 2T and its related species were below the cut -off levels of 95, 70 and 95.5%, respec-tively. The cell -wall peptidoglycan of strain KQZ6P- 2T contained meso- diaminopimelic acid as the diagnostic diamino acid. Major cellular fatty acids were anteiso-C15:0 and C16:0. The polar lipids comprised diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, two unidentified aminophospholipids, four unidentified phospholipids, an unidentified aminolipid and five unidentified lipids. Based on phylogenetic, phenotypic and chemotaxonomic data, strain KQZ6P- 2T represents a novel species of the genus Paenibacillus, for which the name Paenibacillus mangrovi sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is KQZ6P- 2T (=MCCC 1K07172T =JCM 34931T).