MoSe 2 /WS 2 heterojunction photodiode integrated with a silicon nitride waveguide for near infrared light detection with high responsivity

We demonstrate experimentally the realization and the characterization of a chip-scale integrated photodetector for the near-infrared spectral regime based on the integration of a MoSe 2 /WS 2 heterojunction on top of a silicon nitride waveguide. This configuration achieves high responsivity of ~1 A W −1 at the wavelength of 780 nm (indicating an internal gain mechanism) while suppressing the dark current to the level of ~50 pA, much lower as compared to a reference sample of just MoSe 2 without WS 2 . We have measured the power spectral density of the dark current to be as low as ~1 × 10 −12 A Hz −0.5 , from which we extract the noise equivalent power (NEP) to be ~1 × 10 −12 W Hz −0.5 . To demonstrate the usefulness of the device, we use it for the characterization of the transfer function of a microring resonator that is integrated on the same chip as the photodetector. The ability to integrate local photodetectors on a chip and to operate such devices with high performance at the near-infrared regime is expected to play a critical role in future integrated devices in the field of optical communications, quantum photonics, biochemical sensing, and more.