Stability Analysis to Select the Stable and High Yielding of Black Soybean (Glycine max (L) Merril) in Indonesia

Selecting high-yielding and stable genotypes is the main goal of black soybean breeding. Testing new lines in multiple environments is one of the development processes in black soybean breeding. The aims of the research were (i) to identify the effects of genotype, environment, and their interactions (GEIs) on the grain yield of soybean lines in Java Island; (ii) to select stable and high-yielding soybean lines; (iii) to determine the discriminative environments; and (iv) to determine the concept of stability measurements on black soybean grain yields. Field trials of 10 new F8 promising lines and three check varieties were conducted under eight different environments during four years (2016-2019). The measurement results showed that the grain yield was influenced by genotype (8.35%), environment (59.49%), and GEIs (32.16%). Grain yield stability measurements showed that the four newly identified lines had high yields and were stable in eight environments; they were A-5A-PSJ (S2), DB-96-CTY (S5), UP 161 (S6), and UP 162 (S7). The Ngawi (2017), followed by Bogor (2019) and Banyuwangi (2016), has the strongest interactive capabilities and is suitable for use as a trial environment. Grain yield (Y) was identified as having a positive and significant correlation (p < 0.05) with S-(3), S-(6), NP(2), NP(3), NP(4), KR, and YSI stability measurements, which indicated that they were included in the concept of dynamic stability measurement. The selected genotypes can be proposed for the release of new high-yielding black soybean varieties in Indonesia.