Factors Associated With Changes in Patient-Centered Care in Undergraduate Nursing Students.

AIM:The purpose of this study was to examine active listening, self-awareness, and empathy and how they relate to changes in patient-centered care (PCC) in undergraduate nursing students. BACKGROUND:PCC is associated with better patient outcomes, but the level of PCC has been found to be low in nursing students. METHOD:This secondary analysis used baseline and follow-up data at two time points from 50 undergraduate nursing students. RESULTS:Changes in self-awareness were associated with changes in PCC directly (Follow-Up 1) or directly and indirectly through the effects on changes in empathy (Follow-Up 2), controlling for age, experience, and intervention. Changes in active listening were associated with changes in PCC only indirectly through the effect on changes in empathy only at Follow-Up 2. CONCLUSION:Changes in self-awareness and active listening need to be the first targets of interventions to improve PCC in undergraduate nursing students.