Analysis of solar radiation in sudan and optimal location of photovoltaic panels

Sudan is in North-Eastern Africa within the sub-Saharan region and has a population of 43 million people and area of 1,886,068 km2, making it the third -largest country in Africa. The percentage of population's electricity access reaches only 56%, which is lower than the global average (i.e. 89%,). The annual electricity consumption per capita is only 300 kWh, which is two times lower than the African average and almost twenty times smaller than the European one. Sudan is a big RE market and it's perfectly positioned to support transition to sustainable development. The yearly average solar radiation exceeds 2000 kWh/m2, making it one of the highest in the world. According to studies, the average wind speed across the country is between 5.1 and 7.1 m/s. Biomass is another renewable energy source with substantial potential for power generation, process heat, and clean cooking applications as major sources including bagasse, bioethanol, agricultural residue, and animal waste Given its considerable technical potential for RE, they can be used to enhance the electricity sector and improve the electricity access. In this paper HOMER is used to find the best PV solution to supply a specific load in Sudan, and to determine the best location. According to the results, Studer VarioTrack VT-65 with Generic PV is the best form for Sudan. Dongola, Khartoum has the lowest COE (0.08254USD$/KWh), (0.08298 USD$/KWh respectively high intensity of solar radiation, and clearness.