A new type of carbonate hydroxyapatite nanoparticles made from PMMA and oyster shells: evaluation of structure, morphology and biocompatible properties

A new type of carbonate hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (CHANPs) was prepared from poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and oyster shells (OS) powder. The structure, morphology, and biocompatibility of these NPs were determined. The NPs of PMMA + 2%OS with the mean grain size of 70.50 nm were immersed in simulated body fluid (SBF) for 30 days to test its biocompatibility. The amorphous state of the as-prepared sample was confirmed from XRD analyses. After immersion in SBF, PMMA and PMMA + 2%OS sample showed polycrystalline with hexagonal structure and crystallite sizes of 29.816 and 50.61, respectively. The XRD analyses showed excellent crystallinity and SEM images displayed the formation of a HA layer on the sample’s surface. FTIR spectra revealed the existence of various chemical functional groups, and EDX spectra detected all trace elements in the sample. The observed new FTIR peak at 1090.51 cm −1 of PMMA + 2%OS sample verified the formation of CHANPs as supported by FESEM and XRD results. It was asserted that the achieved CHANPs may contribute to various biomedical applications.