Synthesis and characterization techniques for clay-based polymer nanocomposites and their evaluation of antibacterial, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory activities

Chitosan, obtained by deacetylation of chitin, is a widely available, biocompatible, and biodegradable polysaccharide. In the same way, nanoclays have been reported to be abundant, low toxic, and low cost, which could be obtained either naturally or synthetically. Characterizations were done using different methods, i.e., ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, fluorescence spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Chitosan/montmorillonite nanocomposite (CS-MMT NC) systems were examined. The antibacterial activity of CS-MMT NC was investigated against Gram-positive and negative bacteria by the disc diffusion method using Mueller Hinton agar at different sizes of CS-MMT NC. All of the synthesized CS-MMT NC was found to have high antipowder was grinded using mortar and pestle anbacterial activity. These results show that CS-MMT NC can be useful in different biological research and biomedical applications, including surgical devices and drug delivery vehicles. Graphical Abstract