Breakthroughs in nanozyme-inspired application diversity

The rapid advancement of nanomaterials has promoted the booming of nanozymes capable of mimicking natural enzymes. As ideal alternatives to natural enzymes, nanozymes are characterized with a wide range of enzymatic activities, high stability, and easy modification. Recent biomedical application-based research has contributed to the unprecedented development of nanozymes, leading to a plethora of practical applications in nanozyme-based disease therapy. In this review, we firstly present the brief mechanisms and characteristics of noble metals, metal oxides, and other types of nanozymes. Subsequently, recent therapeutic advances of various nanozymes are summarized to investigate the extensive prospects in oncological and non-oncological fields. Finally, we discuss the future challenges in nanozyme-based therapeutic field, expecting to shed new light on nanozyme-oriented applications.