Διερεύνηση των σχέσεων της γονικότητας με την εκδήλωση τελειοθηρίας σε φοιτητικό πληθυσμό

Ψυχολογία: το Περιοδικό της Ελληνικής Ψυχολογικής Εταιρείας(2018)

引用 0|浏览1
暂无评分
摘要
Basirion, Z., Majid, R. A., & Jelas, Z. M. (2014). Big five personality factors, perceived parenting styles, and perfectionism among academically gifted students. Asian Social Science, 10(4), 8-15. doi:10.5539/ass.v10n4p8 Baumrind, D. (1971). Current patterns of parental authority. Developmental Psychology, 4(1, Pt.2), 1-103. doi:10.1037/h0030372 Baumrind, D. (1991). The influence of parenting style on adolescent competence and substance use. Journal of Early Adolescence, 11(1), 56-95. doi:10.1177/0272431691111004 Besharat, M. A, Azizi, K., & Poursharifi, H. (2011). The relationship between parenting styles and children’s perfectionism in a sample of Iranian families. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 15, 1280-1283. doi:10.1016/j. sbspro.2011.03.277 Beuckelaer, A. D., & Lievens, F. (2009) Measurement equivalence of paper-and-pencil and internet organizational surveys: A large scale examination in 16 countries. Applied Psychology, 58, 336-361. doi:10.1111/j.1464-0597.2008.00350.x Bieling, P. J., Israeli, A. L., & Antony, M. M. (2004). Is perfectionism good, bad, or both? Examining models of the perfectionism construct. Personality and Individual Differences, 36(6), 1373-1385. doi:10.1016/S0191-8869(03)00235-6 Buri, J. R. (1991). Parental authority questionnaire. Journal of Personality Assessment, 57(1), 110- 119. doi:10.1207/s15327752jpa5701_13 Burns, D. D. (1980). The perfectionist’s script for selfdefeat. Psychology Today, 14, 34-52. Craddock, A. E., Church, W., & Sands, A. (2009). Family of origin characteristics as predictors of perfectionism. Australian Journal of Psychology, 61(3), 136-144. doi:10.1080/00049530802239326 Damian, L. E., Stoeber, J., Negru, O., & Baban, A. (2013). On the development of perfectionism in adolescence: Perceived parental expectations predict longitudinal increases in socially prescribed perfectionism. Personality and Individual Differences, 55(6), 688-693. doi:10.1016/j.paid.2013.05.021 Diamantopoulou, G., & Platsidou, M. (2014). Factorial validity and psychometric properties of the greek version of the Almost Perfect Scale-Revised (APS-R). Hellenic Journal of Psychology, 11, 123-137. Enns, M. W., & Cox, B. J. (2002). The nature and assessment of perfectionism: Α critical analysis. In G. L. Flett, & P. L. Hewitt (Eds.), Perfectionism: Theory, Research, and Treatment (pp. 33-62). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. doi:10.1037/10458-002 Flett, G. L., Hewitt, P. L., & Singer, A. (1995). Perfectionism and parental authority styles. Individual Psychology: Journal of Adlerian Theory, Research & Practice, 51(1), 50-60. Flett, G.L., & Hewitt, P.L. (2002). Perfectionism and maladjustment: An overview of theoretical, definitional, and treatment issues. In G. L. Flett, & P. L. Hewitt (Eds.), Perfectionism: Theory, research, and treatment (pp. 5-13). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. doi. org/10.1037/10458-001 Flett, G. L., Hewitt, P. L., Oliver, J. M., & Macdonald, S. (2002). Perfectionism in children and their parents: A developmental analysis. In G. L. Flett, & P. L. Hewitt (Eds.), Perfectionism: Theory, Research, and Treatment (pp. 89-132). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. doi:10.1037/10458-004 Frost, R. O., Heimberg, R. G., Holt, C. S., Mattia, J. I., & Neubauer, A. L. (1993). A comparison of two measures of perfectionism. Personality and Individual Differences, 14(1), 119-126. doi:10.1016/0191-8869(93)90181-2 Frost, R. O., Marten, P., Lahart, C., & Rosenblate, R. (1990). The dimensions of perfectionism. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 14(5), 449-468. doi:10.1007/BF01172967 Gilman, R., & Ashby, J. S. (2003). Multidimensional perfectionism in a sample of middle school students: An exploratory investigation. Psychology in the Schools, 40(6), 677-689. doi:10.1002/pits.10125 Gong, X., Fletcher, K. L., & Bolin, J. H. (2015). Dimensions of perfectionism mediate the relationship between parenting styles and coping. Journal of Counseling & Development, 93, 259-268. doi:10.1002/jcad.12024 Gosling, S. D., Vazire, S., Srivastava, S., & John, O. P. (2004). Should we trust web-based studies? A comparative analysis of six preconceptions about internet questionnaires. American Psychologist, 59(2), 93-104. doi:10.1037/0003-066X.59.2.93 Hamachek, D. E. (1978). Psychodynamics of normal and neurotic perfectionism. Psychology: A Journal of Human Behavior, 15(1), 27-33. Hewitt, P. L., & Flett, G. L. (1990). Perfectionism and depression: A multidimensional analysis. Journal of Social Behavior and Personality, 5, 423-438. Hibbard, D. R., Walton, G. E., & State, C. (2012). Where does perfectionism come from? A qualitative investigation of perfectionists and nonperfectionists. Social Behavior and Personality, 40(7), 1121-1122. doi:10.2224/ sbp.2012.40.7.1121 Hibbard, D. R., & Walton, G. E. (2014). Exploring the development of perfectionism: The influence of parenting style and gender. Social Behavior and Personality: An International Journal, 42(2), 269- 278. doi:10.2224/sbp.2014.42.2.269 Hollender, M. H.(1965). Perfectionism . Comprehensive Psychiatry, 6, 94-103. Joinson, A. (1999). Social desirability, anonymity, and Intemet-based questionnaires. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers, 31(3), 433-438. Kawamura, K. Y., Frost, R. O., & Harmatz, M. G. (2002). The relationship of perceived parenting styles to perfectionism. Personality and Individual Differences, 32(2), 317-327. doi:10.1016/S0191- 8869(01)00026-5 Knapp, H., & Kirk, S. A. (2003). Using pencil and paper, internet and touch-tone phones for self-administered surveys: Does methodology matter? Computers in Human Behavior, 19(1), 117-134. doi:10.1016/S0747-5632(02)00008-0 Kontrimiene, S. (2014). Rrelationships between adaptive and maladaptive perfectionism and perceived parenting styles in a sample of university students. Acta Paedagogica Vilnensia, 33, 96-115. Lewis, I. M., Watson, B. C., & White, K. M. (2009). Internet versus paper-and-pencil survey methods in psychological experiments: Equivalence testing of participant responses to health-related messages. Australian Journal of Psychology, 61(2), 107-116. doi:10.1080/00049530802105865 Methikalam, B., Wang, K. T., Slaney, R. B., & Yeung, J. G. (2015). Asian values, personal and family perfectionism, and mental health among Asian Indians in the United States. Asian American Journal of Psychology, 6(3), 223-232. doi:10.1037/aap0000023 Miller, A. L., Lambert, A. D., & Speirs Neumeister, K. L. (2012). Parenting style, perfectionism, and creativity in high-ability and high-achieving young adults. Journal for the Education of the Gifted, 35(4), 344-365. doi:10.1177/0162353212459257 Miller, A. L., & Speirs Neumeister, K. L. (2017). Journal of Advanced Academics, 28(4), 313-344. doi:10.1177/1932202X17730567 Missildine, W. H. (1963). Your inner child of the past. New York: Simon & Schuster. Olson, J. (2012). Parenting style and its relationship to perfectionism (Doctoral dissertation). Retrieved from ProQuest Dissertations Publishing. Ortega, N. E., Wang, K. T., Slaney, R. B., Hayes, J. A., & Morales, A. (2013). Personal and Familial Aspects of Perfectionism in Latino/a Students. The Counselling Psychologist, 42(3), 406-427. doi:10.1177/0011000012473166 Pacht, A. R. (1984). Reflections on perfection. American Psychologist, 39(4), 386-390. doi:10.1037/0003-066X.39.4.386 Παπάζογλου, Σ. (2018). Ιδιότυποι Τρόποι Απόκρισης: Σύγκριση μεταξύ παραδοσιακών συνθηκών μέ- τρησης και συνθηκών συμμετοχής σε διαδικτυα- κή έρευνα. (Αδημοσίευτη διδακτορική διατριβή). Εθνικό και Καποδιστριακό Πανεπιστήμιο Αθη- νών, Αθήνα, Ελλάδα. Pastor, D. A. (2010). Cluster analysis. In G. R. Hancock & R. O. Mueller (Eds.), Quantitative methods in the social and behavioral sciences: A guide for researchers and reviewers (pp. 41-54). New York, NY: Taylor & Francis. Rice, K. G., Ashby, J. S., & Gilman, R. (2011). C l a s s i f y i n g a d o l e s c e n t p e r f e c t i o n i s t s . Psychological Assessment, 23(3), 563-577. doi:10.1037/a0022482 Rice, K. G., & Slaney, R. B. (2002). Clusters of perfectionists: Two studies of emotional adjustment and academic achievement. Measurement and Evaluation in Counselling and Development, 35(1), 35-48. Shih, T-H., & Fan, X. (2008). Comparing response rates from web and mail surveys: A metaanalysis. Field Methods, 20(3), 249-271. doi:10.1177/1525822X08317085 Slade, P. D., & Owens, R. (1998). A dual process model of perfectionism based on reinforcement theory. Behavior Modification, 22, 372-390. doi:10.1177/01454455980223010 Slaney, R. B., Mobley, M., Trippi, J., Ashby, J., & Johnson, D. G. (1996). The Almost Perfect Scale-Revised. Unpublished manuscript, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA. Slaney, R., Rice, K., Mobley, M., Trippi, J., & Ashby, J. S. (2001). The Revised Almost Perfect Scale. Measurement and Evaluation in Counseling and Development, 34(3), 130-145. Slaney, R. B., Rice, K. G., & Ashby, J. S. (2002). A programmatic approach to measuring perfectionism: The Almost Perfect Scale. In G. L. Flett & P. L. Hewitt (Eds.), Perfectionism: Theory, research, and treatment (pp. 63-88). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. doi:10.1037/10458-003 Soysa, C. K., & Weiss, A. (2014). Mediating perceived parenting styles-test anxiety relationships: Academic procrastination and maladaptive perfectionism. Learning and Individual Differences, 34, 77-85. doi:10.1016/j.lindif.2014.05.004 Speirs Neumeister, K. L. (2004). Factors influencing the development of perfectionism in gifted college students. Gifted Child Quarterly, 48(4), 259-274. doi: 10.1177/001698620404800402 Τσαούσης, Ι. (2002). Το γονεϊκό μοντέλο διαπαιδα- γώγησης και η αυτοεκτίμηση του μαθητή ως μεταβλητές εμφάνισης προβληματικής συμπε- ριφοράς στο περιβάλλον του σχολείου. Στο Ν. Πολεμικός, Μ. Καϊλα & Φ. Καλαβάσης (Επιμ.), Εκπαιδευτική, Οικογενειακή και Πολιτική Ψυχο- παθολογία (σσ. 274-303). Αθήνα: Ατραπός. Walton, G. E., Hibbard, D. R., Coughlin, C., & Coyl- Shepherd, D. D. (2018). Parenting, personality, and culture as predictors of perfectionism. Current Psychology(January), 1-13. doi:10.1007/ s12144-018-9793-y Wang, K. T. (2010). The Family Almost Perfect Scale: Development, psychometric properties, and comparing Asian and European Americans. Asian American Journal of Psychology, 1(3), 186- 199. doi:10.1037/a0020732 Wang, K. T., Methikalam, B., & Slaney, R. B. (2010). Family Almost Perfect Scale. Unpublished manuscript, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA. Wang, K. T. (2012). Personal and family perfectionism of Taiwanese college students: Relationships with depression, self-esteem, achievement motivation and academic grades. Interntional Journal of Psychology, 47(4), 305- 314. doi: 10.1080/00207594.2011.626050 Weigold, A., Weigold, I. K., & Russell, E. J. (2013). Examination of the equivalence of self-report survey-based paper-and-pencil and internet data collection methods. Psychological Methods, 18(1), 53-70. doi:10.1037/a0031607 Basirion, Z., Majid, R. A., & Jelas, Z. M. (2014). Big five personality factors, perceived parenting styles, and perfectionism among academically gifted students. Asian Social Science, 10(4), 8-15. doi:10.5539/ass.v10n4p8 Baumrind, D. (1971). Current patterns of parental authority. Developmental Psychology, 4(1, Pt.2), 1-103. doi:10.1037/h0030372 Baumrind, D. (1991). The influence of parenting style on adolescent competence and substance use. Journal of Early Adolescence, 11(1), 56-95. doi:10.1177/0272431691111004 Besharat, M. A, Azizi, K., & Poursharifi, H. (2011). The relationship between parenting styles and children’s perfectionism in a sample of Iranian families. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 15, 1280-1283. doi:10.1016/j. sbspro.2011.03.277 Beuckelaer, A. D., & Lievens, F. (2009) Measurement equivalence of paper-and-pencil and internet organizational surveys: A large scale examination in 16 countries. Applied Psychology, 58, 336-361. doi:10.1111/j.1464-0597.2008.00350.x Bieling, P. J., Israeli, A. L., & Antony, M. M. (2004). Is perfectionism good, bad, or both? Examining models of the perfectionism construct. Personality and Individual Differences, 36(6), 1373-1385. doi:10.1016/S0191-8869(03)00235-6 Buri, J. R. (1991). Parental authority questionnaire. Journal of Personality Assessment, 57(1), 110- 119. doi:10.1207/s15327752jpa5701_13 Burns, D. D. (1980). The perfectionist’s script for selfdefeat. Psychology Today, 14, 34-52. Craddock, A. E., Church, W., & Sands, A. (2009). Family of origin characteristics as predictors of perfectionism. Australian Journal of Psychology, 61(3), 136-144. doi:10.1080/00049530802239326 Damian, L. E., Stoeber, J., Negru, O., & Baban, A. (2013). On the development of perfectionism in adolescence: Perceived parental expectations predict longitudinal increases in socially prescribed perfectionism. Personality and Individual Differences, 55(6), 688-693. doi:10.1016/j.paid.2013.05.021 Diamantopoulou, G., & Platsidou, M. (2014). Factorial validity and psychometric properties of the greek version of the Almost Perfect Scale-Revised (APS-R). Hellenic Journal of Psychology, 11, 123-137. Enns, M. W., & Cox, B. J. (2002). The nature and assessment of perfectionism: Α critical analysis. In G. L. Flett, & P. L. Hewitt (Eds.), Perfectionism: Theory, Research, and Treatment (pp. 33-62). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. doi:10.1037/10458-002 Flett, G. L., Hewitt, P. L., & Singer, A. (1995). Perfectionism and parental authority styles. Individual Psychology: Journal of Adlerian Theory, Research & Practice, 51(1), 50-60. Flett, G.L., & Hewitt, P.L. (2002). Perfectionism and maladjustment: An overview of theoretical, definitional, and treatment issues. In G. L. Flett, & P. L. Hewitt (Eds.), Perfectionism: Theory, research, and treatment (pp. 5-13). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. doi. org/10.1037/10458-001 Flett, G. L., Hewitt, P. L., Oliver, J. M., & Macdonald, S. (2002). Perfectionism in children and their parents: A developmental analysis. In G. L. Flett, & P. L. Hewitt (Eds.), Perfectionism: Theory, Research, and Treatment (pp. 89-132). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. doi:10.1037/10458-004 Frost, R. O., Heimberg, R. G., Holt, C. S., Mattia, J. I., & Neubauer, A. L. (1993). A comparison of two measures of perfectionism. Personality and Individual Differences, 14(1), 119-126. doi:10.1016/0191-8869(93)90181-2 Frost, R. O., Marten, P., Lahart, C., & Rosenblate, R. (1990). The dimensions of perfectionism. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 14(5), 449-468. doi:10.1007/BF01172967 Gilman, R., & Ashby, J. S. (2003). Multidimensional perfectionism in a sample of middle school students: An exploratory investigation. Psychology in the Schools, 40(6), 677-689. doi:10.1002/pits.10125 Gong, X., Fletcher, K. L., & Bolin, J. H. (2015). Dimensions of perfectionism mediate the relationship between parenting styles and coping. Journal of Counseling & Development, 93, 259-268. doi:10.1002/jcad.12024 Gosling, S. D., Vazire, S., Srivastava, S., & John, O. P. (2004). Should we trust web-based studies? A comparative analysis of six preconceptions about internet questionnaires. American Psychologist, 59(2), 93-104. doi:10.1037/0003-066X.59.2.93 Hamachek, D. E. (1978). Psychodynamics of normal and neurotic perfectionism. Psychology: A Journal of Human Behavior, 15(1), 27-33. Hewitt, P. L., & Flett, G. L. (1990). Perfectionism and depression: A multidimensional analysis. Journal of Social Behavior and Personality, 5, 423-438. Hibbard, D. R., Walton, G. E., & State, C. (2012). Where does perfectionism come from? A qualitative investigation of perfectionists and nonperfectionists. Social Behavior and Personality, 40(7), 1121-1122. doi:10.2224/ sbp.2012.40.7.1121 Hibbard, D. R., & Walton, G. E. (2014). Exploring the development of perfectionism: The influence of parenting style and gender. Social Behavior and Personality: An International Journal, 42(2), 269- 278. doi:10.2224/sbp.2014.42.2.269 Hollender, M. H.(1965). Perfectionism . Comprehensive Psychiatry, 6, 94-103. Joinson, A. (1999). Social desirability, anonymity, and Intemet-based questionnaires. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers, 31(3), 433-438. Kawamura, K. Y., Frost, R. O., & Harmatz, M. G. (2002). The relationship of perceived parenting styles to perfectionism. Personality and Individual Differences, 32(2), 317-327. doi:10.1016/S0191- 8869(01)00026-5 Knapp, H., & Kirk, S. A. (2003). Using pencil and paper, internet and touch-tone phones for self-administered surveys: Does methodology matter? Computers in Human Behavior, 19(1), 117-134. doi:10.1016/S0747-5632(02)00008-0 Kontrimiene, S. (2014). Rrelationships between adaptive and maladaptive perfectionism and perceived parenting styles in a sample of university students. Acta Paedagogica Vilnensia, 33, 96-115. Lewis, I. M., Watson, B. C., & White, K. M. (2009). Internet versus paper-and-pencil survey methods in psychological experiments: Equivalence testing of participant responses to health-related messages. Australian Journal of Psychology, 61(2), 107-116. doi:10.1080/00049530802105865 Methikalam, B., Wang, K. T., Slaney, R. B., & Yeung, J. G. (2015). Asian values, personal and family perfectionism, and mental health among Asian Indians in the United States. Asian American Journal of Psychology, 6(3), 223-232. doi:10.1037/aap0000023 Miller, A. L., Lambert, A. D., & Speirs Neumeister, K. L. (2012). Parenting style, perfectionism, and creativity in high-ability and high-achieving young adults. Journal for the Education of the Gifted, 35(4), 344-365. doi:10.1177/0162353212459257 Miller, A. L., & Speirs Neumeister, K. L. (2017). Journal of Advanced Academics, 28(4), 313-344. doi:10.1177/1932202X17730567 Missildine, W. H. (1963). Your inner child of the past. New York: Simon & Schuster. Olson, J. (2012). Parenting style and its relationship to perfectionism (Doctoral dissertation). Retrieved from ProQuest Dissertations Publishing. Ortega, N. E., Wang, K. T., Slaney, R. B., Hayes, J. A., & Morales, A. (2013). Personal and Familial Aspects of Perfectionism in Latino/a Students. The Counselling Psychologist, 42(3), 406-427. doi:10.1177/0011000012473166 Pacht, A. R. (1984). Reflections on perfection. AmericanPsychologist, 39(4), 386-390. doi:10.1037/0003-066X.39.4.386 Παπάζογλου, Σ. (2018). Ιδιότυποι Τρόποι Απόκρισης: Σύγκριση μεταξύ παραδοσιακών συνθηκών μέ- τρησης και συνθηκών συμμετοχής σε διαδικτυα- κή έρευνα. (Αδημοσίευτη διδακτορική διατριβή). Εθνικό και Καποδιστριακό Πανεπιστήμιο Αθη- νών, Αθήνα, Ελλάδα. Pastor, D. A. (2010). Cluster analysis. In G. R. Hancock & R. O. Mueller (Eds.), Quantitative methods in the social and behavioral sciences: A guide for researchers and reviewers (pp. 41-54). New York, NY: Taylor & Francis. Rice, K. G., Ashby, J. S., & Gilman, R. (2011). C l a s s i f y i n g a d o l e s c e n t p e r f e c t i o n i s t s . Psychological Assessment, 23(3), 563-577. doi:10.1037/a0022482 Rice, K. G., & Slaney, R. B. (2002). Clusters of perfectionists: Two studies of emotional adjustment and academic achievement. Measurement and Evaluation in Counselling and Development, 35(1), 35-48. Shih, T-H., & Fan, X. (2008). Comparing response rates from web and mail surveys: A metaanalysis. Field Methods, 20(3), 249-271. doi:10.1177/1525822X08317085 Slade, P. D., & Owens, R. (1998). A dual process model of perfectionism based on reinforcement theory. Behavior Modification, 22, 372-390. doi:10.1177/01454455980223010 Slaney, R. B., Mobley, M., Trippi, J., Ashby, J., & Johnson, D. G. (1996). The Almost Perfect Scale-Revised. Unpublished manuscript, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA. Slaney, R., Rice, K., Mobley, M., Trippi, J., & Ashby, J. S. (2001). The Revised Almost Perfect Scale. Measurement and Evaluation in Counseling and Development, 34(3), 130-145. Slaney, R. B., Rice, K. G., & Ashby, J. S. (2002). A programmatic approach to measuring perfectionism: The Almost Perfect Scale. In G. L. Flett & P. L. Hewitt (Eds.), Perfectionism: Theory, research, and treatment (pp. 63-88). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. doi:10.1037/10458-003 Soysa, C. K., & Weiss, A. (2014). Mediating perceived parenting styles-test anxiety relationships: Academic procrastination and maladaptive perfectionism. Learning and Individual Differences, 34, 77-85. doi:10.1016/j.lindif.2014.05.004 Speirs Neumeister, K. L. (2004). Factors influencing the development of perfectionism in gifted college students. GiftedChildQuarterly, 48(4), 259-274. doi: 10.1177/001698620404800402 Τσαούσης, Ι. (2002). Το γονεϊκό μοντέλο διαπαιδα- γώγησης και η αυτοεκτίμηση του μαθητή ως μεταβλητές εμφάνισης προβληματικής συμπε- ριφοράς στο περιβάλλον του σχολείου. Στο Ν. Πολεμικός, Μ. Καϊλα & Φ. Καλαβάσης (Επιμ.), Εκπαιδευτική, Οικογενειακή και Πολιτική Ψυχο- παθολογία (σσ. 274-303). Αθήνα: Ατραπός. Walton, G. E., Hibbard, D. R., Coughlin, C., & Coyl- Shepherd, D. D. (2018). Parenting, personality, and culture as predictors of perfectionism. Current Psychology(January), 1-13. doi:10.1007/ s12144-018-9793-y Wang, K. T. (2010). The Family Almost Perfect Scale: Development, psychometric properties, and comparing Asian and European Americans. Asian American Journal of Psychology, 1(3), 186- 199. doi:10.1037/a0020732 Wang, K. T., Methikalam, B., & Slaney, R. B. (2010). Family Almost Perfect Scale. Unpublished manuscript, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA. Wang, K. T. (2012). Personal and family perfectionism of Taiwanese college students: Relationships with depression, self-esteem, achievement motivation and academic grades. Interntional Journal of Psychology, 47(4), 305- 314. doi: 10.1080/00207594.2011.626050 Weigold, A., Weigold, I. K., & Russell, E. J. (2013). Examination of the equivalence of self-report survey-based paper-and-pencil and internet data collection methods. Psychological Methods, 18(1), 53-70. doi:10.1037/a0031607
更多
查看译文
AI 理解论文
溯源树
样例
生成溯源树,研究论文发展脉络
Chat Paper
正在生成论文摘要