The effect of the covid-19 pandemic on macroeconomic indicators: quadruple helix model for turkey case study

There are different crisis periods in the world that significantly affect financial and economic markets and require some transformations. In these crisis periods, countries re-transform their financial and economic structures in line with the dimensions and effects of the crisis. In this context, countries implement different financial and economic policies such as supplying resources to the market, changing interest rates, trying to increase or decrease the inflation rate, and intervention in the markets. The COVID-19 pandemic, which emerged at the end of 2019 and made itself felt significantly in the first quarter of 2020, emerged as one of the different crises faced by countries in the world, and its effects were much larger and more inclusive. With the emergence of the pandemic, all countries started to implement financial and economic policies to reduce the effects of the pandemic, while trying to balance their existing financial and economic markets. Countries have had to create very inclusive financial and economic policies, especially due to the supply and demand-side shocks created by the pandemic, the slowdown in working life due to quarantine periods, and the fact that some sectors have come to a standstill. In this study, the effects of the Covid-19 pandemic on Turkey's macroeconomic indicators will be examined and evaluated comparatively according to the Quadruple Helix Model.