The application road of silicon-based anode in lithium-ion batteries: From liquid electrolyte to solid-state electrolyte

With more and more mature applications of new energy and power systems, lithium-ion batteries are bound to play an increasingly important role in the future. High specific energy batteries will naturally become a research hotspot, and higher requirements will be put forward. Silicon materials with ultra-high theoretical energy densities are considered to be a new generation of anode materials to alleviate the range anxiety in the electric vehicle (EV) industry. The next few years will be the golden period for the industrial application of silicon-based anode lithium-ion batteries, and the direction of application of silicon-based anodes will transfer from the conventional liquid electrolyte to the solid-state electrolyte. Herein, we systematically survey the challenges and solutions of silicon-based anodes in Li-ion batteries, and we divide it into liquid part, quasi-solid-state part, and all-solid-state part. Compared with the conventional batteries based on the liquid electrolyte, solid-state batteries are still less studied and face more challenges. Finally, we put forward some prospects and rationalization suggestions for the industrialization and follow-up research of silicon anodes.