Mortality and parenteral nutrition weaning in patients with chronic intestinal failure on home parenteral nutrition: A 30-year retrospective cohort study

•Mortality and weaning rates of patients with chronic intestinal failure in home parenteral nutrition differ widely among cohorts, because these outcomes were often considered independent—rather than competing—events, leading to biased estimates•We analyzed through a competing risk analysis the rates and predictors of mortality and weaning separately in patients with and without short bowel syndrome•In patients with short bowel syndrome, reconstructive surgery reduced mortality and dependence from parenteral nutrition•In patients without short bowel syndrome, presence of a stoma was associated with reduced mortality and dependence from parenteral nutrition•Surgical procedures strongly affected mortality and weaning risk in patients with chronic intestinal failure.