The pivotal role of Corynebacterium glutamicum in l-Glutamic acid fermentation: A concise review

Corynebacterium glutamicumis is a Gram + ve, non-pathogenic, non-motile, rod-shaped soil bacterium isolated in the 1950s as an overproducer of l-glutamic acid. Since then several trials have been made to develop new strains which could able to meet the market demands for l-glutamic acid as well as a few other l-amino acids. It produces l-glutamic acid from 2-oxoglutarate in an NADPH dependent pathway. Few transporters including MscCGs have been identified, and characterized in different strains of Corynebacterium glutamicum. Biotin limitation and penicillin treatments trigger extracellular l-glutamic acid export. Fatty acid ester surfactants impart role in l-glutamic acid export even in presence of biotin.