American academy of nursing expert panel consensus statement on inequities in the juvenile justice system rooted in systemic and structural racism.

The overrepresentation of youth of color has long been acknowledged and accepted in juvenile justice and legal systems. Many risk factors contribute to the detention and incarceration of youth; however, there is little evidence to explain how structural inequities and systemic racism add to that vulnerability. Historically, laws were passed to benefit the White society and resulted in outcomes that caused grave aftereffects for people of color and in some cases, ethnic minorities. Within the context of juvenile justice and the lens of critical race theory, the authors of this paper seek to illuminate selected historical educational, environmental, legal, and health care policies, practices, and decisions that led to their detrimental consequences. Recommendations for mitigating both intended (through law, funding, policies) and the unintended barriers as experienced by youth of color are presented.