Efficacy and safety of immune checkpoint inhibitor rechallenge in individuals with hepatocellular carcinoma

•ICI rechallenge is uncommon in clinical practice – we screened 994 patients at 14 institutions and identified 58 cases of ICI rechallenge.•ORR, DCR, and median TTP were comparable between first and second ICI-based treatment.•Objective responses were seen in patients with progressive disease as best radiological response during first ICI-based treatment.•They were also observed in those receiving atezolizumab/bevacizumab as a prior ICI regimen.•ICI rechallenge was safe in our cohort and high-grade (grade 3-4) treatment-related adverse events were uncommon.