Development of all-fiber nanosecond oscillator using actively Q-switched technologies and modulators

One of the nanosecond pulse output strategies for fiber lasers with controlled frequency is active Q-switching. Low-cost, high-power efficiency, stable cavity, and customizable pulse output can all be met by a fiber laser with strictly all-fiber Q-factor modulators and appropriate Q-switching techniques. Much research is being conducted to achieve active Q-switched operation with an all-fiber structure in the pursuit of a robust system. Technologies and modulators for active Q-switching in all-fiber structures thus complement and promote each other. This work reviews all-fiber actively Q-switched oscillators' development and research status, introduces various active Q -switching technologies and Q-factor optical modulators in chronological order, and looks forward to future development.